home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Fritz: All Fritz
/
All Fritz.zip
/
All Fritz
/
FILES
/
DATATION
/
3X5CARD.LZH
/
CHAP7.DOC
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1986-01-15
|
40KB
|
1,418 lines
FILE COMMANDS
CHAPTER 7 - 3by5 MAIN MENU COMMANDS
FILES COMMAND
Edit Search Print >Files< Utilities Quit
Open Close Records List Directory Index Fields Memory Status
The Files Command Menu is entered from the Main Command Menu by
pressing [F]. The File Command Menu will appear:
>Open< Close Records List Directory Index Fields Memory Status
Open file
The Open Command lets you open a 3by5 file or any ASCII, WordStar
or WordPerfect file. Only 3by5 files may be edited from the 3by5
program. However, ASCII, WordStar and WordPerfect files may be
imported, into a 3by5 file. Alternatively, 3by5 records may be
exported to ASCII, WordStar and WordPerfect files.
The Close Command is used to close an open file.
The Record Command is used to Copy and Move records from one file
to another. It is also used to Erase records within a file. The
source and destination files may be 3by5, ASCII, WordStar or Word-
Perfect files. If the source file is a 3by5 file, you may SORT the
records before transferring them to another file.
The List Command allows you to determine what files are on a disk. You
may use the Directory Command to open a file or erase it from the disk.
The Directory Command is used to change the current directory (it
can also be used to change the current active disk drive).
The Index Command is used to index a 3by5 file that has a damaged
or deleted index file.
The Fields Command is used to indicate which fields in a record will be
copied to another record in a different file.
The Memory Command is used to load the index of file 1 into ram
memory - resulting in faster searches.
The Status Command is used to display additional information about
currently open files (e.g file size, index density.
81
3by5
All file commands use the File Information Window which appears
at the top of the display:
---------------------------------------------------------------
| File Type Index Record Number of Number of |
| Length Fields Records |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|>Open< Close Records List Directory Index Fields Memory Status |
|Open file |
---------------------------------------------------------------
Each file that is opened is assigned a number from 1 to 5. File
numbers are used to refer to the files and avoid typing the name
of the file each time you want to issue a command.
After a file is opened, the name of the file will be displayed.
On the same line as the name of the file, the following information
will be displayed:
TYPE: 3by5, ASCII, WordStar, WordPerfect or Unknown.
INDEX: Indicates the type of index for the file. All
3by5 files use Signature Screening indexes
(designated by a "Sig").
RECORD LENGTH: Length of each record is fixed in a 3by5 file.
NUMBER OF FIELDS: Up to 15 fields may be designated in a 3by5
file (3by5 and 3by5 Plus).
NUMBER OF RECORDS: The number of records in a file.
82
FILE COMMANDS
OPEN COMMAND
>Open< Close Records List Directory Index Fields Memory Status
Open file
You may open up to five 3by5 or other files at one time. When a
3by5 file is opened, its companion index file is also opened. The
index file is not included as one of the five files that may be opened.
Press [O] to open a file. The File Information Window will be dis-
played and the program will prompt you to enter the name of the file to
open.
Type in the name of the file that you want to open. If the file
is on a disk drive that is not the default DOS drive, include the
disk drive using standard DOS file specification (e.g. B:FILE1).
If the file is in a directory other than the default directory,
change the current directory before opening the file (see DIRECTORY
COMMAND).
If you enter a file name without an extension, the program will
assume that the file is a 3by5 file and append the extension "3X5".
If the file is NOT a 3by5 file and does not have an extension, place a
"." (period) after the file name to indicate that the file has no
extension and is not a 3by5 file.
For example, "FILE1" will open the file FILE1.3X5, while "FILE1."
will open the file FILE1. "FILE1.WS" will open the file FILE1.WS.
While the file and its companion index file are being opened, the
blinking message "WAIT" will be displayed in reverse video at the top
right corner of the screen.
If the file is found, it will be opened. If the file is not a standard
3by5 file, the program will ask you for the file type (ASCII, WordStar
or Word Perfect). See page 88 for information on opening non-3by5
files.
The List Command may also be used to open files (page 99).
83
3by5
BUILDING A 3by5 FILE
If you attempt to open a file that does not exist, you will be asked
whether you want to build the file:
"Unable to open file. Do you want to build the file? (Y/N)."
Press [Y] to build the file, [N] to jump back to the File Command
Menu.
If one or more files are open, the program will prompt you:
File: filename
Build like file (0-5): 0 = standard file
This prompt allows you to build a file similar to one that is already
open. The file parameters (e.g. file type, record length, number and
name of fields) of an open file may be used to build the new file. You
may modify any of the parameters.
If you want to use an open file as a model for building a new file,
type the number of the file.
If not, press [N], and the program will ask you whether the file is a
3by5 file:
File: filename
Is the file a 3by5 file? (Y/N)
Press [Y] to designate that the file is a 3by5 file.
If you are using the 3by5 Plus program, it will prompt you:
File: filename
Variable length records? (Y/N): N
Press [N] or <Enter> for standard, fixed length records, or [Y] for
variable length records. See chapter 12 for more information on
variable length records. The 3by5 Starter Kit and the standard 3by5
program do not support variable length records.
84
FILE COMMANDS
The program will then prompt you for more information about the file:
---------------------------------------------------------------
| File Type Index Record Number of Number of |
| Length Fields Records |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| |
| |
|Maximum characters per record: (32 - 4800) 512 |
|Number of fields: (0 - 15) 0 |
|Left margin: (1 - 70) 1 |
|Right margin: (10 - 78) 78 |
|Index Density: (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) 1 |
| |
|Record size suggestions: |
| 2 x 4 card: 256 bytes with index of 1 |
| 3 x 5 card: 512 bytes with index density of 1 or 2 |
| 5 x 7 card: 1024 bytes with index density of 2 or 3 |
| Full page: 4800 bytes with index density of 4 or 5 |
| |
| |
|File: memos |
|Press <Esc> to cancel; <F10> to save |
---------------------------------------------------------------
The program is requesting information on the file you want to build.
The first item is the number of characters per record. This is an
important number. Once you specify it for a file, all records in the
file will have a maximum number of characters equal to the number you
enter. You may pick any number between 32 and 4800.
The default record size is 512 bytes. This number of characters is
sufficient for most references and addresses.
The program next prompts you for the number of fields in the file.
This is a number from 0 to 15. Type the number and press <Enter>.
Next the program prompts you for the left margin. Enter a number from
1 to 70. If you have specified fields, the left margin for text will
be set to 10 regardless of the number you enter.
Next the program prompts you for the right margin. Enter the column
number of the left margin, or press <Enter> for the default value.
85
3by5
If you have 3by5 or 3by5 Plus, the program will prompt you for the
Index Density. This is a number between 1 and 5 and determines the
size of the index for each record. Larger records should have higher
index densities. The relationship between Index Density and index
record size is:
Index Index Size per
Density Record (bytes)
1 32
2 64
3 128
4 256
5 512
Recommended Index Densities are listed on the screen. You may change
the index density of a file by re-indexing it. The program will ask
for the new Index Density. The most efficient index density for a file
is dependent upon many factors. You can experiment with the Index
Density for a particular file to find which value gives you the fastest
searches.
The Index Density of all 3by5 Starter Kit files is one.
Use the Up and Down cursor arrows to make any corrections to the above
and then press <F10>. If you specified any fields, the program will
prompt you:
---------------------------------------------------------------
|Field Field name |
| A |
| B |
| C |
| D |
| E |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|File: filename |
|Press <Esc> to cancel; <F10> to save |
---------------------------------------------------------------
86
FILE COMMANDS
A field name may be from 0 to 8 characters long. Type the name of each
field and press <Enter> to move to the next. Use the Up and Down
Arrow keys to move to any field name.
When you are finished assigning field names, press <F10>.
The program will then build the 3by5 source file and its companion
index file. The index file will be given the extension "MAP".
87
3by5
OPENING A NON-3by5 FILE
You may open and search (but not edit) a standard ASCII text file
or a WordStar or WordPerfect file. If the program opens the file
and finds that it is not a standard 3by5 file, it will ask you for the
file type:
"File type: 1. ASCII 2. WordStar 3. WordPerfect
Press [1], [2] or [3] to indicate the file type.
The program will then ask you for record delimiter (i.e. the character
or pair of characters that defines the end of a record):
"Record delimiter: 1.<CR><CR> 2.<CR> 3.Form Feed 4. Special Character"
When searching a non-3by5 file, 3by5 reads a block of text at a
time and displays it on the screen. For many word processing documents
the carriage return (Enter key) or a pair of carriage returns define a
natural block of text - the paragraph. However, you may wish to have
several paragraphs or lines of text that end with a carriage return to
be included in a block of text. Any character can be used. It is best
that it be a character that occurs infrequently. For example:
Name: John Jones
DOB: 09/23/45
@
Name: John Smith
DOB: 01/12/52
@
If the character "@" had been defined as the Record Delimiter, each
line between the name line and the line with "@" will be considered a
block of text (record).
Alternatively, if the records were entered:
Name: John Jones
DOB: 09/23/45
Name: John Smith
DOB: 01/12/52
The blank line (actually a carriage return after the year followed by
another carriage return) delimit records.
88
FILE COMMANDS
BUILDING A NON-3by5 FILE
If you attempt to open a file that does not exist, you will be asked
whether you want to build the file:
"Unable to open file. Do you want to build the file? (Y/N)."
Press [Y] to build the file, [N] to jump back to the File Command
Menu.
If you pressed [Y], and any files are open, the program will ask you:
File: filename
Build like file (0-5): 0 = standard file
If one of the files is a non-3by5 file, type the number of the file,
and 3by5 will create the file on disk. Then you will be asked for the
file type and record delimiter.
If no files are open, the program will ask you whether the file is a
3by5 file:
File: filename
Is the file a 3by5 file? (Y/N)
Press [N]. The file will be opened, and the program will then ask you
for the file type:
"File type: 1. ASCII 2. WordStar 3. WordPerfect
Press [1], [2] or [3] to indicate the file type.
The program will then ask you for record delimiter (i.e. the character
or pair of characters that defines then end of a record):
"Record Delimiter: 1.<CR><CR> 2.<CR> 3.Form Feed 4. Special Character"
Specify the Record Delimiter. This delimiter will be placed at the end
of each record written to the file.
89
3by5
CLOSE COMMAND
Open >Close< Records List Directory Index Fields Memory Status
Close file
Whenever you exit from 3by5 by using the Exit Command, all open
files are automatically closed.
If you are going to remove a diskette from its drive while running
3by5, make certain that any files on the diskette are closed before
removing the diskette. This prevents DOS from writing incorrect
information to the new diskette.
To close a file, press [C] in response to the File Command Menu.
The program will ask you for the name of the file to close. Type
the number of the file that you want to close.
90
FILE COMMANDS
RECORDS COMMAND
Open Close >Records< List Directory Index Fields Memory Status
Copy or Move Records from one file to another; Erase records
The Records Command is used to Copy or Move records from a source
file to a destination file or from one location in a file to another.
The Copy Command makes a copy of the source record and does not affect
the source record, the Move Command makes a copy and then erases the
source record.
Records that are Copied or Moved from a 3by5 file may be sorted
prior to being placed in the destination file (3by5 and 3by5 Plus).
The Records Command is also used to Erase groups of records. When a
record is erased, the contents of the record are over-written
with ASCII zeros. The space occupied by the record is not released.
Press [R] for the Records Command. The following prompt will appear at
the bottom of the screen:
Move/Copy/Erase
Enter number of source file
Type the number of the source file (i.e. the file from which the
records will be obtained). The program will then prompt you:
Move/Copy/Erase Source file AAAAAAAA
Enter number of destination file
"AAAAAAAA" is the name of the source file. Type the number of the
destination file.
THE DESTINATION FILE MAY BE THE SAME AS THE SOURCE FILE IF YOU WANT TO
TRANSFER RECORDS WITHIN A FILE.
91
3by5
If the source and destination files are different, the Transfer
Command Menu will appear as shown below:
From AAAAAAAA To BBBBBBBB >Copy< Move
Copy a group of records (source records are not changed)
Since you are working with two different files, the Erase Command
is not available.
COPYING RECORDS
Press [C] to copy a group of records from one file to another.
There are three possible ways to copy records. From a 3by5 file
to another 3by5 file, from a non-3by5 file to a 3by5 file and from a
3by5 file to a non-3by5 file. Each will be considered separately.
Copying from one 3by5 file to another 3by5 file
If the source and destination files are 3by5 files, the program
will prompt you:
From AAAAAAAA Copy:
Records in file:
"AAAAAAAA" represents the name of the source file. Type in the
source record from which the copying process is to begin. The program
will then prompt you:
From AAAAAAAA Copy xxx to
Records in file AAAAAAAA:
"xxx" represents the number of the first record to be copied. Type in
the number of the last record to be copied, and the bottom of the
screen will appear as follows:
From AAAAAAAA Copy xxx to yyy To BBBBBBB At
Records in file BBBBBBBB:
"BBBBBBBB" represents the name of the destination file. The program is
waiting for you to enter the record number at which the transfer of
files is to begin. If you type any number larger than the number of
92
FILE COMMANDS
records in the destination file, the source records will be appended to
the end of the destination file.
If you have 3by5 or 3by5 Plus, the program will ask you:
From AAAAAAAA Type xxx to yyy To BBBBBBBB At
Sort records? (Y/N)
You can sort the records to be copied from one file to another. If
the source record has no fields, the program will sort by the first 20
characters in the record. If the source file has two or more fields,
you may specify a primary and secondary field for sorting. For
example, if the file has name and occupation fields, sorting by
occupation as the primary field and name as the secondary field will
give you a list of all records in alphabetical order, first by occu-
pation, then by name.
As the records are copied from the source file to the destination
file, the program will inform you of the record currently being
copied. After the range of records has been copied, the program
will prompt you to enter another range of records to be copied.
If you are finished, just press <Esc>.
Copying Records from a Non-3by5 file to a 3by5 file
If the source file is a non-3by5 file the program will transfer
all records into the 3by5 destination file. The records will be
appended to the end of the 3by5 destination file.
Copying Records from a 3by5 file to a non-3by5 file.
If the destination file is not a 3by5 file, the program will append the
records to the end of the file. The program will prompt you for the
range of records to be copied from the 3by5 file. As with a 3by5 to
3by5 copy, you may sort the records if you are using 3by5 or 3by5 Plus.
93
3by5
MOVING RECORDS
You may move records from a 3by5 source file to either a 3by5 destin-
ation file or a non-3by5 destination file. When a record is moved, it
is copied to the destination file, and the original contents in the
source file are erased. The record is not deleted from the file and
you may add text to it at a later date.
The instructions for Moving records are the same as for Copying
records.
ERASING RECORDS
If the source and destination files are the same, you may Erase
any group of records in the file. The program will prompt you for the
starting number and the ending number. It will then erase the contents
of each record. The index will be updated. A record that is erased,
remains in the file and new information may later be added. During a
COPY or MOVE, records that have been erased are not copied to the
destination file.
94
FILE COMMANDS
LIST COMMAND
Open Close Records >List< Directory Index Fields Memory Status
List of files in directory
In response to the File Command Menu press [L] to obtain a listing of
files in any directory. The program will prompt you:
List:
Type pattern for file. Press <Enter> for file list
If you have 3by5 or 3by5 Plus the program will inform you that you may
press <F10> for and extended list of the files (includes the file size
and date and time of creation or last update).
Press <Enter> to list all 3by5 files in the current directory. To list
all files, type [*.*] <Enter>. The current drive or directory will
be displayed and the files in the current directory will be listed:
---------------------------------------------------------------
| File Type Index Record Number of Number of |
| Length Fields Records |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| |
|Drive A |
|xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx |
|xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx |
|xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx |
|xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|Position cursor bar: Press O to open a file; E to erase a file |
---------------------------------------------------------------
95
3by5
If there are more files in the directory than can fit on the screen at
one time, the program will prompt you to press <PgDn> for more files.
To open a file, position the cursor bar to the file and press [O]. The
file will be opened. Similarly, files may be erased from the diskette
by pressing [E]. If you attempt to erase a file that is open, the
program will inform you that the file is open. You must first close
the file, before erasing it.
If you have 3by5 or 3by5 Plus and press <F10> after typing the file
pattern the following will be displayed:
---------------------------------------------------------------
| File Type Index Record Number of Number of |
| Length Fields Records |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| |
|Drive A |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
|xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm | xxxxxx yyy mm-dd-yyyy hh:mm |
| |
| |
| |
|Position cursor bar: Press O to open a file; E to erase a file |
---------------------------------------------------------------
xxxxxx is the name of the file.
yyy is the size of the file in bytes.
mm-dd-yyyy is the month, day and year of the creation or last update.
hh:mm is the hour and minute of the creation or last update.
96
FILE COMMANDS
DIRECTORY COMMAND
Open Close Records List >Directory< Index Fields Memory Status
Directory commands
The Directory Command allows you to change the current directory,
or make or remove a directory. This command is most useful for systems
with hard disk drives, but may be used on diskette based systems to
specify the current drive (e.g. A:\ or B:\).
Press [D] for the Directory Command. The following menu will appear:
>Change< Make Remove
Change current directory
Changing the current directory
Press [C]. The program will display the current directory if you
have changed it previously while in 3by5. It will then prompt you for
the name of the current directory.
Directory:
Change current directory
Type the path (including disk drive) of the directory that you want to
select as the current one and press <Enter>. The program will set that
directory as the current directory. If there were any errors, you will
be informed. For example, a:\ will select the A drive and the root
directory; c:\level1\level2 will select the C drive and directory
level2.
97
3by5
Making or Removing a Directory
The Make and Remove Directory commands work similarly to the Change
Directory command. The name of the directory must start with the
drive, colon and back slash. For example, the command to remove the
following directory "A:\LEVLE1\LEVEL2 will remove directory LEVEL2.
All files in a directory must be deleted before it can be removed.
98
FILE COMMANDS
INDEX COMMAND
Open Close Records List Directory >Index< Fields Memory Status
Index a 3by5 file
The Index Command is used to index a 3by5 file that does not have
an index file (e.g. it was deleted using the DOS Erase Command)
or used to re-index a 3by5 file in which the index file was damaged
(e.g. disk write error).
Press [I] to index a file. The program will list the open files and
you will be asked to select a file. Press <Esc> if you do not want
to index a file. Otherwise select a file.
If you are using 3by5 or 3by5 Plus, the program will ask you to enter
the index density. Enter a number between 1 and 5. See page 86 for
more information on the index density.
The program will then start to index the file. The number of the
record being indexed will be displayed at the bottom of the screen.
NON-3by5 FILES CANNOT BE INDEXED IN VERSION 3 of 3by5.
99
3by5
FIELDS COMMAND
Open Close Records List Directory Index >Fields< Memory Status
Select fields to copy to another file
The Fields Command is used to specify fields that will be copied from
one record to another. For example, you may have a reference file
with the following fields:
REF
CODE
KEYWORDS
COMMENTS
The REF field contains the authors, title and source in any standard
format suitable for publication. The CODE field contains the code
number under which you file the article. The KEYWORDS field contains
keywords that do not appear in the title, but are useful in retrieving
the document. The COMMENTS field contains your comments on the
reference.
Suppose that you want to copy only the text in the REF fields to a
file for editing with your word processor. The Fields Command is
used to specify that when a record is copied from the file only the
text in the REF field is copied. The destination file may be another
3by5 file, a WordStar or WordPerfect document file or an ASCII text
file.
Press [F] to issue the Fields Command. If more than one file is open,
the program will ask you to enter the number of the file for the fields
command. The program will then list the letter and name of the fields
in the file:
100
FILE COMMANDS
---------------------------------------------------------------
| File Type Index Record Number of Number of |
| Length Fields Records |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
| 5 |
| |
|Fields in NEWREF.3X5 |
|A REF |
|B CODE |
|C KEYWORDS |
|D COMMENTS |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|Fields to copy: |
|Type order of fields for copying. Empty line = all fields |
---------------------------------------------------------------
At the bottom of the screen the program will ask you to type the
order of the fields to be copied. If you enter a blank line, the
program will copy all fields in the same order as they are in the
file.
If you type [A] <Enter> only the REF field will be copied to another
file.
You may specify the order of the fields. For example: if you type
[ADB] <Enter>, any records copied to another file will include the
REF field, the COMMENTS field and the KEYWORDS field in that order.
101
3by5
MEMORY COMMAND
Open Close Records List Directory Index Fields >Memory< Status
Select fields to copy to another file
The Memory Command is used to load the index of file one into ram
memory. This will speed searching of file one. The indexes of files
two through five cannot be loaded into ram.
The ram memory used for the ram index is also used by the sort func-
tion. Any time you sort records, the index in memory is erased, and
the program will automatically used the index on disk. After sorting
you may reload the index into ram memory by using the memory command.
extensively,
102
FILE COMMANDS
STATUS COMMAND
Open Close Records List Directory Index Fields Memory >Status<
Select fields to copy to another file
The Status Command is used to display additional information on an open
file. Press [S] to issue the command. If one file is open, the
status information will be displayed. If more than one file is open,
the program will ask you to enter the number of the file.
The file name, type of index and file size in bytes are always
displayed. If the file is a variable length record file, the program
will display the number of unused bytes in the file (3by5 Plus).
If the file is a non-3by5 file, the record delimiter will be displayed
as ASCII values. For example, if a single carriage return is used to
delimit a record, the program will display 13:0. If two carriage
returns are used to delimit a record, the program will display 13:13.
103
3by5
104
